Greetings :
The most common greeting in Egypt are:
Hi ….. Marhaba
Good bye ….. Maa Salama
Please ….. Min Fadlak
Thank you ….. Shukran
Congratulations .. Mabruk
Peace be upon you . Salam alaykum
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The Early Islamic Period (640-969)
Under the first Khalif of Islam Abu Bakr As-Siddiq,
Prophet Muhammad's closest companion, the Muslim armies vanquished the
Byzantines in 636 AD. They advanced toward Egypt under the command of
Amr Ibn Al'aas, one of the companions of the Prophet.
The Muslims laid siege to Babylon-in-Egypt, which
surrendered. They then took "HELIOPOLIS" and in 642 AD the Byzantine
imperial capital of Alexandria. Amr Ibn Al-'as established Fustat
north of Babylon-in-Egypt as his military headquarters and seat of
government and the Egyptians swiftly embraced the new religion of
Islam.
Egypt became part of an expanding empire that was
soon to stretch from Spain to Central Asia. The Ummayyad Dynasty ruled
Egypt from Damascus until the Abbasids took control of the Caliphate
and shifted the political capital of Islam to Baghdad.
Ahmad Ibn Tulun, who had been sent by the Abbasid
Caliph Al-Mu'taz to govern Egypt in 868 AD, declared Egypt an
independent state and successfully defended his new domain against the
Abbasid armies sent to unseat him. His dynasty ruled Egypt for 37
years. Ibn Tulun built Al-Qitai, a new capital centered around a vast
central mosque, the courtyard of which could accommodate his entire
army and their horses. But Tulunid rule was quickly ended by the
Abbasids, who retained direct control over.
Egypt until Mohammed Ibn Tughj was appointed governor over the
province and granted the title Ikhshid, allowing him to rule
independently of Caliphate controls. The Ikhshidi Dynasty ruled from
935-969 AD when Egypt was invaded by Shi'aa Fatimid armies from
Tunisia.
